Rethinking Electrical Circuits: Charge Bosons and Field-Based Dynamics

Rethinking Electrical Circuits:

Charge Bosons and Field-Based Dynamics

Introduction

The traditional view of electric circuits treats current as the movement of electrons through conductors and capacitors as devices that store electrons on one plate while leaving the other relatively electron-deficient. While this model has served classical electrodynamics and engineering well, it may be only an effective approximation of deeper field-based processes. In this paper, we propose a reinterpretation: that electrical current and capacitive behavior are mediated not by the physical relocation of electrons but by the propagation of charge-carrying bosons through field space. This shift offers a unified and more physically consistent explanation of electric phenomena across conductors, capacitors, and sources like DC generators.

1. The Traditional Model and Its Limitations

Classical circuit theory models electric current as a continuous flow of electrons through a conductor. Capacitors are said to work by accumulating excess electrons on one plate and a deficit (positive "holes") on the other, creating a static electric field between the plates. In DC power systems, a generator is thought to push electrons around the circuit, building up potential differences across components.

However, this interpretation raises unresolved questions:

• How do electrons accumulate and remain static on a conductor’s surface?

• How does energy propagate almost instantaneously across long wires despite the slow drift speed of electrons?

• Why does field energy behave as if it were traveling outside the wire, consistent with Poynting vector directions?

2. Wires as Propagation Media

We propose that wires act as phase-stabilizing media that guide field-based excitations, much like optical fibers guide photons. In this model, electrical energy does not travel via moving electrons but via a quantum excitation we call the charge boson. This boson is a virtual or quasi-virtual field particle that carries electric charge information and energy through synchronized interactions with the surrounding field.

3. The Charge Boson Hypothesis

We define the charge boson as a mediator of electric charge propagation. Unlike photons, which are neutral, the charge boson carries charge or encodes charge-related field states. It propagates through the conductor’s field structure and dielectric interfaces, maintaining coherence and transferring energy with minimal loss—similar in principle to the photon in electromagnetic field space.

In this view:

• Electric current is a field excitation carried by these bosons.

• Wires serve to constrain and guide the phase and direction of boson propagation.

• Energy transfer occurs as coherent phase advancement through the field structure, not via electron migration.

4. Capacitors as Boson-Mediated Fields

Capacitors present a conceptual challenge under this model because the standard view holds that they store static electrons. Instead, we suggest:

• The electric field in a capacitor is a standing wave-like configuration established and maintained by the exchange of virtual charge bosons.

• These bosons travel through the connecting wires and dielectric, synchronizing the field across the plates.

• The capacitor stores energy not by holding electrons, but by sustaining field tension and phase separation mediated by bosons.

This allows for consistency with:

• The fact that energy is stored in the electric field, not in electron positions.

• The notion that wires and capacitors operate by guiding and stabilizing field states.

5. DC Generators and Field Initiation

A DC generator does not push electrons around a circuit in the classical sense. Instead, it initiates and maintains a phase-aligned propagation of charge bosons throughout the circuit. The voltage corresponds to the degree of phase separation the generator sustains, and the current is the rate at which charge bosons transfer energy and information through the field medium.

6. Implications and Predictions

This field-based reinterpretation leads to several novel insights and possible experimental predictions:

• Ultra-fast capacitive delay measurements might reveal propagation dynamics consistent with boson-mediated field establishment.

• Resonant or quantized field behavior in capacitors and wires could emerge in high-frequency, high-coherence environments.

• Dielectrics that interfere with boson phase coherence may exhibit unexpected non-linearities or hysteresis.

Conclusion

By introducing the charge boson as a mediator of electric field propagation, we reconcile capacitor behavior, wire-guided energy flow, and DC generation into a single field-theoretic framework. This perspective not only deepens our understanding of classical circuits but also opens a path to unified electromagnetic and quantum field models. Future research should explore mathematical formalism, simulation, and experimental design to test these predictions.

Keywords: charge boson, electric current, capacitor, field theory, wire propagation, quantum electrodynamics, Poynting vector, virtual particles